English Structure: Sentence, Clause, Phrase, Word, Alphabet

A1. A Sentence is a group of words that is complete in itself, usually containing a subject and predicate, conveying a statement, instruction, question, exclamation, or command, and consisting of a main clause and starts with a capital letter in writing, finishes with a period ‘.’. (e.g. I am going to study English for just 5 minutes every day.)

A2. A Clause is a group of words and a unit of grammatical organization next below the sentence consist of a subject and predicate (e.g. Subject + Verb). (e.g. I am feeling very well today.) The Clause types are: a Noun Clause, Adverb Clause and Adjective Clause.

A3. A Phrase is a small group of words without a subject + verb component. (e.g. leaving behind the family). The Phrase types are: a Noun Phrase, Verb Phrase, Preposional Phrase, Adverb Phrase and Adjective Phrase.

A4. A Word is a single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing, used with others or alone to form a sentence and typically shown with a space on either side when written or printed. (e.g. I don’t like the word ‘impossible’, but I’m possible.)

A5. An Alphabet is a set of letters or symbols in a fixed order used to represent the basic set of a language. The English alphabet is consisting of 26 letters, from A to Z. (‘A’ is the first letter of the alphabet.)

A6. A supermoon occurs when the Moon is in its closest part of orbit to Earth, making it appear larger in the sky. This phenomenon of the lunar eclipse and ‘supermoon’ together was last observed in 1982 and will not come again until 2033. => [{(A supermoon) (occurs)} {(when) (the Moon) (is) (in its closest part of orbit to Earth)}, {(making it) (appear) (larger in the sky)}.] [{(This phenomenon of the lunar eclipse and ‘supermoon’ together) (was) (last observed in 1982)} {(and) (will not come) (again until 2033)}.]
Where, [ ]: Sentence, { }: Clause, ( ): Phrase or Word

more about the English Structure