Gerund (verb + ‘-ing’)

A. Gerund (-ing) form is a verb ending in ‘-ing’, which can function as a noun, as an adjective, and in the formation of progressive tenses.
a. can use the ‘-ing’ form after these verbs: admit, avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, imagine, keep (on), mind, postpone, risk, stop, suggest + ‘ing’ (e.g. Suddenly everybody stopped talking. There was silence.)
b. The ‘-ing’ noun or adjective is formed from verbs: as an object (e.g. I like playing tennis.); as an adverbial (e.g. You can earn a lot of money by working hard.) as a clause (e.g. I heard someone saying that ~ )

A1. The ‘-ing’ noun can be used as a noun: ‘-ing’ nouns are always uncountable nouns (e.g. I love swimming.)
a. as the subject of a verb (e.g. Learning English is not easy.)
b. as the object of a verb, verbs followed by an ‘-ing’ object (e.g. We enjoy learning English.)
c. as the object of a preposition (e.g. Some people are not interested in learning English.)

A2. The ‘-ing’ adjective can come in front of a noun: amusing, annoying, boring, disappointing, exciting, frightening, interesting, shocking, surprising, terrifying, tiring, worrying (e.g. I read an interesting article in the newspaper today. The main problem today is rising prices.)

A3. The negative form is ‘not –ing’ (e.g. When I’m on holiday. I enjoy not having to get up early.)

more about Gerund (-ing) and to ~ (infinitive) …