Passive Forms

B. Passive Forms
a. The Passive forms are made up of the verb be (is/ was etc.) + past participle (done/ cleaned/ seen etc.): (be) done, (be) cleaned, (be) damaged, (be) built, (be) seen etc. (e.g. English is (be) spoken (past participle) all over the world)
b. Word order. The past participle (repaired/ cut etc.) is after the objective (e.g. Lisa had the roof repaired yesterday.)
c. to show the person or thing doing the action, use by. (e.g. She was attacked by a dangerous dog.)
d. can use the indirect object as the subject of a Passive verb. (e.g. Active: I gave him a book for his birthday. Passive: He was given a book for his birthday.)
e. can use phrasal verbs in the Passive. (e.g. Active: They called off the meeting. Passive: The meeting was called off.)
f. Some verbs very frequently used in the Passive are followed by the to-infinitive: be supposed, to be expected, to be asked, to be scheduled, to be allowed, to be told (e.g. John has been asked to make a speech at the meeting.)
g. sometimes use the verb get to form the passive. (e.g. Be careful with the glass.)
h. Infinitive: Active: (to) do/ clean/ see etc., Passive: (to) be + done/ cleaned/ seen etc. (e.g. The situation is serious. Something must be done before it’s too late.)
i. Perfect infinitive: Active: (to) have + done etc., Passive: (to) have been + done etc. (e.g. I haven’t received the letter yet. It might have been sent to the wrong address.)
j. The Passive of doing/ seeing etc. is being done/ being seen etc. (e.g. Active: I don’t like people telling me what to do. Passive: I don’t like being told what to do.)

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Advise and advice

Advise and advice: Advise is a verb verse advice is a noun.
Practise – verb in British English, practice – noun and verb in US English
Devise is a verb and device is a noun

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