A. A Noun refers to a person, place, or thing (Latin: Name): a book, a wish, an idea
A1. A noun can be Countable (C) or Uncountable (U)
B. A Countable noun can be a Singular and Plural countable noun:
B1. A Singular countable noun cannot be used alone, must have a Determiner. (e.g. a, an, the, every etc.)
B2. A Plural do not have a determiner when they refer to people or things as a group.
B3. Plural noun forms: usually add -‘s’, add -‘es’ to nouns ending in -ss, -ch, -s, -sh, -x. When a noun ends in a consonant and -y we make the plural in –‘ies’. Some common nouns have irregular plurals.
C. Uncountable nouns often refer to substance; human feelings or qualities; activities; abstract ideas.
C1. We do not use uncountable nouns in the ‘plural’ and with the ‘indefinite article, a/an’.
C2. We can use some ‘quantifies’ with uncountable nouns.
C3. Common uncountable nouns even though they have plurals: accommodation, advice, baggage, equipment, furniture, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, machinery, money, news, traffic.
C4. We can these things countable with expressions: a piece of ~, pieces of ~, a bit of ~, bits of ~, an item of ~, items of ~. But we do not use accommodation, money and traffic in this way.