C. We often use the Present Perfect with time adverbials which refer to the recent past (just, only just, recently, already, yet) or adverbials which include the present (ever (in questions); so far; until now; up to now; yet (in questions and negatives))
C1. Just = a short time ago
C2. use already to say that something happened sooner than expected
C3. Yet = until now. Yet shows that the speaker is expecting something to happen. only in questions and negative sentences.
D. use the Present Perfect with today/ this evening/ this year/ recently/ in the last few days/ so far/ since breakfast etc.
E. We do not use the Present Perfect with an adverbial which refers to past time which is finished. But we can use it to refer to a time which is not yet finished.
E1. Jim is on holiday. He has gone to Italy. (= he is there now or on his way there)
E2. Jane is back home now. She has been to Italy. (= she has now come back)