A period (USA) or full stop (U.K. and Commonwealth) is used to end a sentence.
A comma (,) has many uses: to list things; to separate two sentences with a conjunction; to separate parts of a sentence; to indicate a pause in a sentence or question.
A question mark (?) is used when writing a question, to make an inquiry, or to ask something.
An exclamation mark (!) is used to write about a strong emoticon, or to write the words a person shouted.
An apostrophe (‘) has two main uses: Ownership and Contractions (e.g. can’t)
A Quotation marks (” “) is used around the words that people have said, or direct speech. They are used in pairs.
A Colons (:) can be used at the beginning of a list, is to have no spaces before, and one space after a colon.
A semicolon (;) is to connect two independent clauses into a single sentence, and is to separate items in a series when the items contain parenthetical elements within themselves.
An ellipsis (…) is used to show where words have been missed out when writing what a person said. It can also be used to show that there is more to be said but the person stopped at that point.
A hyphen (-) is used for some words can be added with a hyphen to change the meaning, and a hyphen is used to spell out some numbers, and so on.
A parentheses ( ) (always used in pairs) is used to a writer to provide additional information.